Company law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3

Company law - Essay Example Through the legal frameworks, entrepreneurs who wish to run companies are guided in matter pertaining to establishing and running the companies. The formation of a company may be seen under the law as separate from the association of persons in that it can be held responsible under certain circumstances to be distinct and thus be liable in civic responsibility in which the persons forming it fail to take responsibility. Whenever the persons forming a company fail to perform or deliver as expected in terms of responsibilities and tax conformation, a company stands as a legal person who can take limited liability and who can equally be held responsible under law. Furthermore, the existence of a company as a legal entity confers the company the power to form associations with other companies to form corporate whose responsibilities upon dissolution must be terminated through a certificate of dissolution in order to avoid future responsibilities charged over it as a legal person. Under t he UK law (CA 2006) provisions, companies are interpreted to be separate from their directors and shareholders and under very few circumstances are companies taken in a common sense with their controllers (Commune, 2006, p.3; Anon, nd, Para 1-4). Nevertheless, under certain conditions and provisions, the director or the persons running the company may be interpreted to be part and thus be held responsible for the case of debts and other liabilities. Such instances may be whenever the director(s) may owe the company on shares or in form of assets. Under such discussion, a company owns property and assets distinctly from the proprietors and as such, the directors and the shareholders have no, legal provision to take any property from the company even though they may be having a hundred percent shareholding capacity. This therefore implies that future management has power to sue any previous director under the circumstances of mishandling the company though it belonged to them. On the other hand, the UK law also acknowledges that a company is wholly responsible for its liabilities and debts and under such, the directors or even shareholders have no obligation to pay a company’s debts (Masons, 2010, para 1-3). The legal framework of the United Kingdom acknowledges three types of companies; two of which are private companies but limited by guarantees or by shares and then the public limited companies. This paper intends to substantiate the authenticity of the company being a distinct entity or a different person from the persons who form it under the law as provided for under the United Kingdom 2006 company law frameworks (Anon, nd, para 1-5). In understanding a company as a distinct person or entity within the country’s framework, we shall consider a number of case studies under which, a company is wholly held responsible to argue its way out in instances of legal procedures where the directors or shareholders are not held responsible for any eventua lity. Case 1: Mr. Smith envisions and starts a company, which is limited by shares. Besides registering it under his sole directorship, he equally decides to buy a share from the company worth one pound and does it by full payment and as such, his share becomes fully bought. The company records

Management Accounting Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Management Accounting Report - Essay Example Therefore, while running a business, the management has to focus both on overcoming the current economic hurdles as presented by the existing business environment, as well as focusing on how the anticipated future challenges can be overcome. One of the most vital tools for enhancing business survival in a challenging and competitive business environment is enhanced marketing/outreach efforts (Hoque, 2005 p472). This strategy ensures that a business keep reaching new customers and markets, while ensuring that it still keeps the current market base well informed on its product or service range. Promotion and advertising are strategies that helps a business to remain relevant and competitive, considering that the more the number of people who knows about the existence of the business and its products, the higher the chances of such a business getting more customers. Considering that enhanced marketing/outreach efforts covers both the existing and the prospective clients, a business that advertises and promotes its products is better placed to overcome competition, than a business that does not make any efforts to make more people know about its existence and its offerings (Cullen, et al., 2013, p12). Therefore, in order for organizations to increase both customer and organizational value, enhanced marketing/outreach efforts, aimed at both the current customer base and the potential customer zones, in essential. Knowing and focusing on business Niche Competition in the business environment serves to disorient many business organizations, leaving most of them unsettled on the products or services they would actually offer, or the main client base they are targeting to serve. This is because, the business try to evade the competition by shifting to a different market or product/service offering, where they feel that they may not be faced by stiff competition (Matt, Chenhall, & Euske, 2007 p17). However, considering that the business environment is very dynamic; they end up being faced by the same competitive challenges, thus disorienting the business even further. However, when a business focuses on knowing and serving its niche market, it will understand fully the needs of the customers, and thus tailor-make its products or services to match the specific needs of the niche market (Cullen, et al., 2013, p7). This way, the business is able to cultivate customer loyalty and goodwill, which in turn enhances the repeat purchase from the customers, and thus helps the business to overcome the forces of competition that could face the business (Kloot, 1997 p47). Development of supplier/vendor retention and recruitment programs While the customer is the most important focus for any business organization, the suppliers and the vendors play a very pivotal role in enhancing the success of a business (Matt, Chenhall, & Euske, 2007 p21). The competition in the modern world is not only for the markets and customers, it is also about the sources of cheap and efficient raw materials for a business, and also about a smooth channel of distribution, since all these aspects plays a vital role in enhancing the success of a business, while determining how effective such a business is in the market. Therefore, through

Effect of Exercise Training During Lactation Essay Example for Free

Effect of Exercise Training During Lactation Essay The article chose review is â€Å"Effect of exercise training on loss of bone mineral density during lactation†. The purpose of this study was to determine whether exercise slows bone loss from four to twenty postpartum. The problem was that during lactation women move breast milk. After finishing breast feeding bone mass usually returns to pre pregnancy but not in all and this is the problem. The participants were healthy ,nonsmoking , sedentary ,exclusively breast feeding women with a body mass index of twenty to thirty kg. m.women were not allowed to join if they had cesarean delivery or if the exercise more than two days a week three months before. There were twenty participants all together. They all were cleared by a physician before participating. The instruments and test used for this experiment was for the body composition and bone density they used a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. For the assessment of cardio respiratory fitness and strength a sub maximal graded treadmill test was used. For the assessment of dietary intake by twenty four hour recall over the telephone using the nutrition data system for research software. For exercise intervention women were randomly assigned to either an EG or a CG. For the statistical analysis data were analyzed with JMP software. The testing procedures were with the body composition a whole- body was given three times a week and a step phantom were given one day a week .With the assessment cardio respiratory fitness and strength did sub maximal graded treadmill test were used. Exercise intervention used a complete sixteen week home based exercise program. The results were The EG lost a lot less LS BMD than CG. They were no great differences in total body and hip BMD. Both groups loss fat mass but, EG lost less lean body mass. Maximal strength increased by 34% to 221% for EG in the CG changed from -5.7% to 12%. â€Å"These results suggest that resistance and aerobic exercise may slow bone loss during lactation. In these experiments I felt like some of the strengths were that this was a good experiment to do. That it would help a lot of women because a lot of women have babies during the time that they are trying to build up bone density. I also like how in depth the experiment went. Strength was that they gave them specific training program that they can do from home. Which I feel is extremely important especially to new born moms. This article is important to me because I myself want to be a mom some day and bone density is important to me .My grandmother has osteoporosis so increasing my bone density is very important to me. I think I can use this in my future profession by informing my pregnant patients and mothers that are already breast feeding about this and showing them ways to improve bone density. Work Cited Lovelady,C.a,Bopp,M.J,Colleran,H.J,Mackie,H.k.Wideman,L(2009). Effect of Exercise Training on Loss of Bone Mineral Density during Lactation.Medicine Science in Sports Exercise,41(10),1902-1907. http://journals.lww.com/acsm msse/Fulltext/2009/10000/Effect_of_Exercise_Training_on_Loss_of_Bone.10.aspx

Hakim Bey, Chaos: The Broadsheets of Ontological Anarchism :: Essays Papers

Hakim Bey, Chaos: The Broadsheets of Ontological Anarchism Such is the fast-paced world and style of Hakim Bey’s writings. Sporadic and rarely rounded up for interrogation, Bey’s Ontological Anarchism pervades all his writings, on topics as varied as â€Å"Islam and Eugenics†[1], â€Å"The Information War†[2], â€Å"The Evil Eye†[3], a critique of multiculturalism[4], and Celtic-African entheogens[5]. Hakim Bey’s zine writings and early 90’s hipsterism have made him known to some as â€Å"The Marco Polo of the Subunderground†[6] and a counter-cultural guru to many more. With information becoming more firm only in the last few years, Hakim Bey has been identified as a pseudonym for Peter Lamborn Wilson, a New York based translator and author. Drawing on his experiences wandering India, Asia, and North Africa, Hakim Bey authors (what offer to be) outrageous manifestos and leftist anarchist essays primarily for zine publication and distribution or for lectures and performance. He draws explicitly on a Moorish and sufiist intellectual heritage with occasional references to contemporary philosophers and cultural theorists. He situates himself as a post situationist anarchist informed by critical theory, and has written in both ctheory and Trip. Bey’s writing is ultimately so fascinating precisely because it does not fit neatly into a schools of thought, academic discipline, or a relation between the major figures of contemporary theory (eg loves Baudrillard, ignores Lacan, sometimes uses Foucault). As such, his writings are rather esoterically his own, and not only do not make their ties with other theorists explicit, but also cannot be immediately connected to theirs (because Bey’s assumptions are so different on account of his background’s differences from western academic philosophy). His work, as a theorist of media (and everything else), operates at a straightforward and accessible level, filled with obscure references that don’t point towards an expertise in his readership so much as an explosion of it. For some, his writings are meaningless babble on the level of Principia Discordia[7]. He does not get much mainstream citation except in regards to his concept of PT and the TAZ[8], but he does get plenty of crap. This disdain culminated in the publication of a ‘fake’ Hakim Bey book, actually written by â€Å"Luther Blissett†[9]. Hakim Bey is a persona. His behaviors and secrecy are all a part of the body of work of which he is accredited with authorship.

Human Trafficking, The Modern Slavery Essay

Introduction Human trafficking is a big problem all around the world. Every year, thousands of men, women and children are kidnapped by traffickers, and forced into sexual exploitation and slavery. In this essay, I will talk about the causes of human trafficking and what effects it has on the victims, families, and society. Causes The cause of human trafficking is mainly the organized criminals that kidnap and abuse the victims. Their main purpose is to get rich by exploiting people. These people usually are cold-hearted and they do not have any morals or sense of social justice. Another reason that causes human trafficking is that governments in those countries are very weak, and they usually do not do anything to help or at least try to help. Therefore, the criminals have more chances of kidnapping people without worrying about getting caught easily. The final cause of human trafficking is that society has a lack of awareness of its dangers. Not many people really care about human trafficking as they do not know the dangers of it. There may be a lack of attention given to the problem in education and the media. Human trafficking happens all around the world, even in rich countries. The countries that I will be writing about are the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Vietnam and the U.S.A. The Congo. Human trafficking is a very serious problem in the Congo. The human trafficking in the Congo is usually for forced prostitution and forced labor. The government there is very weak; they do not seem to show any evidence of punishing and prosecuting the human trafficking offenders, or in raising awareness to other people. According to one report, â€Å"Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), continued to abduct and forcibly recruit Congolese men, women, and children to bolster their ranks and serve as laborers, porters, domestics, combatants, and sex slaves. For example, between July 30 and August 2, 2010, a coalition including the LRA abducted 116 civilians from 13 villages, and subjected them to forced labor. Between January and September 2010, the LRA violently abducted more than 279 Congolese citizens, including 184 children† – Refworld. (http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,USDOS,,COD,,4e12ee8837,0.html ) The U.S.A. The USA is one of the richer countries with more protection and awareness of human trafficking, but of course, there are still people (mostly women and children) getting kidnapped and being involved in this horrible crime. Another report says, â€Å"According to the FBI, there are currently an estimated 293,000 American children at risk of being exploited and trafficked for sex. Forty percent of all human trafficking cases opened for investigation between January 2008 and June 2010 were for the sexual trafficking of a child. And while the term trafficking may conjure images of desperate illegal immigrants being forced into prostitution by human smugglers, 83 percent of victims in confirmed sex trafficking cases in this country were American citizens.† -Guest Blogger , October 6, 2012- (http://thinkprogress.org/health/2012/10/06/971401/girls-human-trafficking-and-modern-slavery-in-america/?mobile=nc) Vietnam. There are also a number of victims of human trafficking in Vietnam. Women and men here are usually trafficked for forced labor and the construction of buildings, or as domestic servants. Many Vietnamese women are trafficked to Cambodia for sexual exploitation, where they become prostitutes and are often unable to escape. When they get older they are thrown out of the trafficking and left to look after themselves. In 2004, the police had estimated that more than 50,000 Vietnamese women and girls under the age of under 18 had been victims of human trafficking, and the number is getting higher every year. http://www.globalexchange.org/country/vietnam/trafficking Effects There are lots of effects on the victims of human trafficking, mostly psychological and physical problems. There will also be health effects on the victims. Psychological effects could be even worse than physical effects as the victims will suffer from lack of self-esteem, emotional disturbance, depression, and they could even be scarred for life. This problem could lead to suicide. Health effects are also very serious. The victims who are involved in sexual exploitation can easily be infected by diseases such as HIV/AIDS. These diseases can then be passed onto their future partners (http://www.buzzle.com/articles/effects-of-human-trafficking.html) The families of the victims of human trafficking will be affected. The families would be completely broken and it will also affect their whole life, losing one of their loved ones. The society would be affected as well. This generation, people do not really do anything to prevent human trafficking. They do not help. Therefore, people now will always think that it is not their problem, so they do not have to worry. The society is getting worse and worse, and more selfish. Conclusion This essay shows the causes and effects of human trafficking. Human trafficking happens everywhere in the world, mostly in poorer countries with weak governments that usually do not help decrease the amount of human trafficking in their country. Additionally, the effects of this crime on the victims involved could be very serious, leading to mental problems like depression or even suicide. References Causes http://www.caritas.org/activities/women_migration/caritas_migration_trafficking_and_women.html?cnt=431 http://ec.europa.eu/anti-trafficking/section.action?sectionId=90963548-0cf3-43e1-8e59-4bce1b03192d §ionType=LIST_ENTITIES_SQUARE_IMAGES Human Trafficking in Vietnam http://www.actionaid.org.uk/100191/human_trafficking.html http://www.globalexchange.org/country/vietnam/trafficking In USA http://thinkprogress.org/health/2012/10/06/971401/girls-human-trafficking-and-modern-slavery-in-america/?mobile=nc http://www.today.com/id/22083762/site/todayshow/ns/today-today_news/t/sex-slaves-human-trafficking-america/#.UPod-R37iYk In Congo http://www.indexmundi.com/democratic_republic_of_the_congo/trafficking_in_persons.html Effects http://www.buzzle.com/articles/effects-of-human-trafficking.html

Intended Conversion to Christianity in Flannery OConners...

I think that Flannery O’Connor’s short story â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† is written partially in order to convert people who have not yet fully accepted the Christian faith. O’Conner, having a strong upbringing and solid Christian background, wrote this story believing it would help people who do not have a strong moral base and Christian convictions to seriously making the necessary changes. Flannery OConnor showed deep concern towards the value system of the youth at the time. She firmly believed in helping to guide the youth in a positive direction. Her belief that Christ was no longer a major priority to the people of her generation was a driving motivation. A Good Man is Hard to Find shows Flannery OConnors concern for the†¦show more content†¦Her characters never seem to find their redemption until they find God at the end. People of Christian faith have often criticized O’Connor’s works for being immoral, but in actuali ty, she writes about these extreme situations and portrayals of wrongdoing to express the power of God in a positive light. O’Connor both gracefully and skillfully shows the immoral character of the Misfit as well as the enlightened character of the grandmother. The characters in â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† evolve through a sort of metamorphosis. There are changes that occur in their views of the world and their perceptions about life and death. In this body of work, we see those changes occur in the Grandmother and in the Misfit. The Misfit is shown to be constantly experiencing a deep inner struggle with his own convictions. We see this clearly in his conversation with the Grandmother. O’Conner’s skillful portrayal of the Misfit helps the reader to detect some obscure details of his behavior. These details, his gestures, his speech, and his thoughts are key elements in determining the Misfit’s state of mind. We see the grandmother become timid over the course of the story. She seems to have some type of identity crisis. Starting off bold and confident, we see the Grandmother very humble and timid by the end. Her ideas of what she should look like and how she should talk no longer mattered. O’Connor also shows that the Grandmother’s idea of a southern

Types of Spanish Pronouns

Almost all of us like to take shortcuts, and thats one way to think about what pronouns are: In both Spanish and English, theyre usually a shorter and quicker way of referring to a noun. Common pronouns in English include he, she, what, that and yours, all of which usually would be replaced by longer words or more words if we didnt have the pronouns at our disposal. Spanish and English Pronouns Compared In general, pronouns in Spanish function much as they do in English. They can fulfill any role in a sentence that a noun can, and some of them vary in form depending on whether theyre used as a subject or an object. Probably the biggest difference is that in Spanish most pronouns have gender, whereas in English the only gendered pronouns are he, she, he, and him. If a pronoun has gender, it is the same as that of the noun to which it refers. (In English, gendered pronouns nearly always refer to people are animals, although it is possible to refer to a few personified objects by gender, such as when a ship or a nation is referred to as she instead of it.) In Spanish, there are also a few neuter pronouns that can be used to refer to an unknown object or to ideas or concepts. In the list of pronoun types below, be aware that many of the pronouns can have more than one translation, many English pronouns can have more than one Spanish equivalent, and not all pronouns are listed in the examples. For example, the English me can be translated as both me and mà ­, depending on the context, and the Spanish lo can be translated as him, or it. Not all Spanish pronouns are listed here, but enough to convey how others would be classified. Note also that many of these words that function as pronouns, particularly the indefinite and relative pronouns, can serve as other parts of speech. Types of Pronouns Pronouns can be classified as to how they are used, and all of these classifications apply to both Spanish and English. Note that some pronouns, such as me and ella, can be more than one type of pronoun. Subject pronouns replace the subject of a sentence. Examples include yo (I), tà º (you), à ©l (he), ella (she), ellos (they), and ellas (they). Yo quiero salir. (I want to leave. I or yo replaces the name of the person speaking.) Demonstrative pronouns replace a noun while also pointing to it. Examples include à ©ste (this), à ©sta (this), à ©sa (that), and aquà ©llos (those). Note that many demonstrative pronouns have written or orthographic accents on the stressed vowel. Although such accents used to be considered mandatory, these days they are treated as optional if they can be omitted without causing confusion. Quiero à ©sta. I want this. (Ésta or this replaces the name of the object the speaker is referring to.) Verbal object pronouns functions as the object of a verb. Examples include lo  (him or it), la  (her or it), me (me), and los (them). Lo no puedo ver. (I cant see it. Lo or it replaces the name of the unseen object.) Reflexive pronouns are used when the direct object and the subject of a verb refer to the same person or thing. They are used much more in Spanish than in English. Examples include me (myself), te (yourself), and se (himself, herself, themselves). Juan se baà ±a. (John is bathing himself. John is the subject of the sentence, and he is performing the action of the verb on himself.) Prepositional object pronouns are used as objects of a preposition. Examples include mà ­ (me), ella (her), and nosotros (us). Raà ºl lo comprà ³ para nosotros. (Raà ºl bought it for us. Nosotros and us are the objects of the prepositions para and for, respectively.) Prepositional reflexive pronouns are used when the object of a preposition following a verb refers back to the verbs subject. Examples include mà ­ (myself) and sà ­ (himself, herself, itself, themselves). Marà ­a lo comprà ³ para sà ­ mismo. (Marà ­a bought it for herself. Sà ­ and herself are the objects of para and for, respectively, and refer back to Marà ­a, the sentences subject. Possessive pronouns refer to something owned or possessed by someone or something. Examples include mà ­o (mine), mà ­a (mine), mà ­os (mine), mà ­as (mine), and suyo (his, hers, theirs). La mà ­a es verde. Mine is green. (Mà ­a and mine refer to the object possessed. The feminine form in Spanish is used here because it refers to an object name that is feminine. The possessive pronouns in Spanish are usually preceded by el, la, los, or las, especially when they are subjects.) Indefinite pronouns refer to nonspecific people or things. Examples include algo (something), nadie (nobody), alguien (anybody), todo (all), todas (all), uno (one), unos (some), and ninguno (none). Nadie puede decir que su vida es perfecta. (Nobody can say his life is perfect.) Relative pronouns introduces a clause that gives more information about a noun or pronoun. Examples include que (that, which, who, whom), quien (who, whom), cuyo (whose), cuyas (whose), donde (where), and lo cual (which, that which). Nadie puede decir que su vida es perfecta. (Nobody can say that his life is perfect. The relative pronouns here are que and that. The clause su vida es perfecta gives more information about nadie.) Interrogative pronouns are used in questions. Examples include cuà ¡l (what), quià ©n (what), and cuà ¡ndo (when). Spanish interrogative pronouns use an orthographic accent. Cuà ¡l es tu problema? (What is your problem?)